The Supreme Court on Monday dismissed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) that challenged the Centre’s Ethanol Blending Programme, which mandates the sale of E20 petrol—fuel blended with 20% ethanol.
A bench led by Chief Justice BR Gavai and Justice K Vinod Chandran rejected the petition filed by advocate Akshay Malhotra, who had sought an alternative option of ethanol-free petrol (E0) or E10 for older vehicles not designed for E20 compatibility.
Petitioner’s Argument
Senior Advocate Shadan Farasat, appearing for the petitioner, argued that vehicles manufactured before April 2023 are largely incompatible with E20 petrol. Citing a 2021 NITI Aayog report, he pointed out concerns over reduced fuel efficiency—claiming a 6% drop in mileage—and the absence of consumer choice for non-ethanol fuel.
Farasat clarified that the petition was not against ethanol blending itself, but against the lack of options for older vehicles.
Centre’s Defence
Attorney General R Venkataramani opposed the plea, dismissing it as motivated and backed by “a huge lobby.” He emphasized that the E20 policy is aimed at:
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Boosting farmer income, especially sugarcane growers
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Saving foreign exchange by reducing crude oil imports
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Lowering carbon emissions by around 30% compared to E10 fuel
“Will people outside the country dictate what kind of fuel India should use?” the AG asked, urging the Court not to interfere in the policy.
After hearing arguments, CJI Gavai pronounced the petition dismissed.
Govt’s Stand on E20
The Centre has consistently defended the ethanol blending programme. The Petroleum Ministry and Road Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari have claimed that E20 offers better acceleration, improved ride quality, and higher octane levels.
Gadkari dismissed concerns about reduced mileage, suggesting that the “petroleum lobby” is manipulating the narrative. The Ministry further clarified that fuel efficiency depends on multiple factors such as driving style, tyre pressure, and vehicle maintenance, not just the fuel type.
The government maintains that E20 not only helps cut carbon emissions but also strengthens India’s push towards cleaner energy and rural prosperity.
