Indian Railways has emerged as a global leader in railway electrification, completing 99.6% of its broad‑gauge network, second only to Switzerland’s fully electrified system.
The achievement marks one of the fastest and most extensive railway electrification programs worldwide.
According to the International Union of Railways (UIC) report of June 2025, India’s electrification surpasses major rail systems such as China (82%), Spain (67%), Japan (64%), France (60%), and the United Kingdom (39%). By network coverage, Indian Railways now stands among the most extensively electrified large railway systems globally.
Electrification has significantly reduced diesel consumption for traction, falling from 293 crore litres in 2015‑16 to 108 crore litres in 2024‑25. This reduction saved precious foreign exchange and cut carbon emissions. Rail transport emits about 89% less CO₂ compared to road transport, with rail producing 11.5 grams per tonne‑km versus 101 grams for road, according to NITI Aayog’s “Fast Tracking Freight in India” report.
Indian Railways has also integrated renewable energy into its operations, commissioning over 1,260 MW of solar and wind power capacity, including 1,161 MW of solar and 103 MW of wind projects. These initiatives support low‑carbon operations and align with India’s broader sustainability goals.
Electrification carried out between 2014 and 2026 covered 48,072 route kilometres, compared to 21,801 kilometres in the previous six decades. All new line and multi‑tracking projects are now sanctioned with electrification.
Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw emphasised that “Mission 100% Electrification” is a highly challenging project, requiring electrifying operational lines while overcoming unforeseen hurdles. To expedite work, Indian Railways has formed a Project Monitoring Group (PMG) portal, ensured assured funding, and enhanced financial powers to field units.
With nearly complete electrification and integration of renewable energy, Indian Railways is redefining sustainable mobility, ensuring faster, cleaner, and more efficient journeys for millions of passengers while safeguarding vital infrastructure.
